The Warhead Cable Test Dilemma

Question 1 According to Kohlberg's moral development theory, Stanton Wong moral development should be at post-conventional level, where it is believed that caring for other is everyone's obligation. It is because he is concerning with the well being of the innocent civilians and the military personnel if a faulty missile misfired. Beside that, he also thinking a method of solving the problem so that everyone is cared for equally and nobody will harmed by the faulty cable. For Harry Jackson, he stage of moral development is at the pre-conventional level. At this level, self-interest is emphasized and values are adhered to in order to avoid punishment and also be rewarded. It can be proved by his intentionally to ignore the result of the product test and do not take action to correct the problem. It is because he does not think of the well being of the civilians and military personnel because he more worries about getting punishment from higher up if the warhead cable cant be deliver on time to the customer. From here we can see that he emphasis on his self-interest more than the values of other people. Question 2 I think Stanton Wong should report the test result to the customer's source inspector, Jane Conway first and ask Jane to perform additional sample testing. I think it can help to convince Harry Jackson to stop the cable for shipping out for the customer if Jane found out there is a problem occurred on the cable. If Harry still refuse to solve the problem, then Stanton should report the case to the top management who have the power to change Harry's decision. One of the ethical reasoning is logic, it means before we can conclude or make a judgement , we have to ensure that premise, either factual or inferred, are know and clear. In this case, I think it is logical for Stanton to report the problem to authorities if the faulty items could harm innocence and also because he cares about the civilians and armed forces. Accuracy is one of the ethical reasoning, it means whatever evidence cited to support our judgement should be accurate, relevant, and complete. So, before he reports to top management, he should ask the source inspector to run additional test to ensure the previous test result is accurate and certainly. The other criteria of ethical reasoning is consistency. It states whatever decision a person made or action taken should consistent with his or her moral values. Thus, Stanton should makes a decision that does not contrary with his moral values. Question 3 Currently, I think he should not be a whistle-blower. Because there are several methods to solve this problem internally,such as informing the problem to top management and thus he should not involve public media in solving this problem. Beside that, he should considers his role as an employee. As a employee, his role is creating values for the company or help the company the achieve its goals. If he blows the whistle on his own company, it will defame the company plus he might get fired or distrust by his colleagues. At the meantime, it might consider unethical to be a whistle-blower because it doesn't bring any positive values for company and may against the conducts as an employee. In addition, the effect may cause to the company if the scandal concern a company leak out is always out of estimation, so he should not risk his career and the fame of his company since there are other methods can be use to solve this problem. Question 4 The company already have the protocol in testing and reporting of product tests. The company could heavily punish those who do not follow the protocol to avoid this kind of situation. In additional, the company should be careful when hiring the plant manager. They should hire someone with good moral values such as honesty and sincerity. Beside that, they should make sure the plant manager is open-minded, and with good interpersonal or people management skills. It can help to prevent this kind of situation because a open-minded manager able to listen to advices or opinions and making wise decision based on evidences. Beside that, a manager with good interpersonal or people management skills could enhance the performance of the employees and this increase the quality of the product. Furthermore, I think the company can give the quality control supervisor the power to stop or adjust the production if product failure occurred. It is often costly to reproduce the product when it was finished. Thus, the company should allow the quality control supervisor to find out and solve the problem instantly without waiting further instruction from plant manager.

Hindi gk Essay

To acquaint students with the economic problems and solve the problems at local and national level To familiarize students with basic ideas in economics To foster an urge among students for effective participation. To prepare students to cope with stress and strain. To develop an understanding of the nations resources To develop among students a favorable attitude To help the students to understand that various sectors must develop equally. To develop among students a passion tor social Justice. To help students to acquire skills. Objectives of teaching economics at Higher Secondary Level: 1 . To acquire the knowledge of facts, terms, concepts, trends, principles, problems and processes of economics. 2. To develop understanding of trends, principles, processes, etc in economics. 3. To apply the acquired knowledge and its understanding to unfamiliar situation. 4. To acquire economic skills like drawing maps, charts, tables, diagrams, graphs, etc. 5. To evelop interest in the subject and problems related to the economic life of the people. 6. To develop desirable attitudes necessary for developing a broader outlook. ) Correlation of Economics with Commerce, Mathematics, History, Geography, Science, Languages. Meaning of correlation: 0 Technique which establishes reciprocal relationship between different subjects of the curriculum for the better and clear understanding of the subject under discussion. 0 Acc. To Raymont, â€Å"No subject is ever well understood and no art is intelligently practiced, if the light which the other studies are able to throw upon it is eliberately shut out. † 0 Knowledge is one invisible whole, which cannot be divided into water tight compartments. Reasons for correlation: 0 Stability of knowledge 0 Economy of knowledge 0 Development of interest in the subject 0 Makes the burden of the curriculum light 0 Development of human and social qualities Types of Correlation: 1) Incidental Correlation: correlation between subjects occurring by chance not planned. 2) Planned Correlation: It’s a deliberate attempt to correlate subjects. There are two types of planned correlation: a) Vertical Correlation- correlation of economics with various branches of economics ) Horizontal correlation- correlation of economics with other subjects c) Correlation with life. Correlation of Economics with Commerce: Main aim in Commerce is 0 to study about business, industry, trade and organization 0 study all activities beginning from production and leading up to distribution 0 study of trade, banking, export, import, book-keeping, etc All the above are closely associated with economics. Economics and commerce cannot be studied separately. They are inter-twined. Through the knowledge of commerce, it is possible to run the economy of a country more efficiently. Correlation ot Economics witn Mathematics: 0 There exists very close relationship of economics with mathematics particularly statistics. Most of the economic theories are propounded on the basis of statistical data. 0 In economics we make use of various mathematical symbols. 0 To formulate theories, Geometry and Algebra are widely used. 0 Without statistics the knowledge of economics remains incomplete. Marshall said, â€Å"Statistics are the straw out of which, I like every other economist have to make bricks†. 0 To draw graphs, sketches, and tables the teacher of economics depends on mathematical knowledge. Correlation of Economics with History: 0 Both subjects are social sciences. 0 After Industrial Revolution production of quantity and quality of goods improved. Also resulted in competitive business for marketing of finished goods. Gave rise to infighting among various developed European powers which resulted in huge wars and new powers emerged. 0 First and Second World Wars were fought for economic considerations. 0 To get knowledge of various economic factors that were responsible for various historical events, we have to depend on history. 0 History tells about the economic development of various countries. When we read a particular period in history, we learn about economic conditions prevailing in that period. The beginning of medium of exchange such as gold coins and others are studied in history. Correlation of Economics with Geography: 0 In economics we study about various goods. The production is governed by various geographical factors such as nature of soil, climate. 0 Economic conditions of a country depend to a large extent on its geographical conditions. 0 India could become a great power in ancient times because of its geograp hical situation and other conditions. Agriculture, industry and other economic activities depend to a large extent on geographical factors. C] Availability of raw materials means of transport and types land (plateaus, deserts, mountains, etc) are considered in major decisions of business. 0 Certain industries and trade develop in a particular place when geographical conditions favor them. Correlation of Economics with Science: 0 Teaching is a technical Job. It requires certain qualities of head and heart. Every teacher must familiarize herself/ himself with the time honored maxims of teaching which are evolved as a result of long experience in teaching and research in ducational psychology. To explain the concept of Diminishing Marginal Utility give water to a student to drink and ask other students to observe how is urge for drinking water decreases gradually at that point of time. v) Particular to General 0 Examples and facts should be presented to students before giving them the general rules or principles. 0 Study of particular facts should lead the children themselves frame general rules and generalizations 0 Same principle adopted in inductive method of teaching 0 E. g. discuss adulteration of different products, cheating done to consumers and then teach the concept of Consumer Protection.

Antilock Brake System Abs Model Based Design Computer Science Essay

Antilock Brake System Abs Model Based Design Computer Science Essay An Antilock Brake System (ABS) is a closed loop control system that modulates the brake torque that is applied to the wheel in order to prevent the controlled wheel from becoming fully locked. ABS is among the most important safety systems in a vehicle. In automatic highway system, automatic brake actuation is a very important part of the overall vehicle control system. It prevents the wheel lock-up under critical braking conditions, such as those encountered with wet or slippery road surfaces and driver panic reaction (Bosch, 1995). By preventing the wheel lock-up, ABS ensures that the vehicle remains responsive to steering wheel inputs. Reduced stopping distance on account of ABS is more evident on wet or slippery road surfaces (Garrick et al., 1998). 1.2 MODEL BASED DESIGN Designers of embedded control system software face difficult challenges. In addition to the need to complete projects at low cost and within tight schedules, embedded control system software designers must prov ide predictable performance and competitive features for the products they deliver. Traditional methods of designing, testing, and implementing embedded control systems cause designers to wait until late in the design effort, when actual or prototype products and real-time embedded targets become available, to find out if software really works as it was intended to. Only then, as system integration occurs, can the designer uncover the errors that may have found their way into the product during the early design stages. Model-Based Design with MathWorks tools provides a proven technique for creating embedded control systems. It is used today for satellites, aircraft, and many other aerospace applications, in the automotive industry, and for process control, computer peripherals and industrial machinery. Through Model-Based Design, embedded control system design teams can begin evaluating software designs without using prototype products and real-time targets. The MathWorks environmen t for Model-Based Design allows engineers to mathematically model the behavior of the physical system, design the software and model its behavior, and then simulate the entire system model to accurately predict and optimize performance. The system model becomes a specification from which you can automatically generate real-time software for testing, prototyping, and embedded implementation, thus avoiding manual effort and reducing the potential for errors. Fig 1.1. Model-Based Design for embedded control system software Changes or corrections to the system requirements and specifications are easily incorporated into the model, fully evaluated by simulation, and automatically reflected in the final real-time embedded software. 1.3. MODELING AND SIMULATION To effectively design an embedded control system and accurately predict its performance, designers must understand the behavior of the entire system in which the control system will reside. MATLAB and Simulink form the core environm ent for Model-Based Design for creating accurate, mathematical models of physical system behavior. The graphical, block-diagram paradigm of the MathWorks environment lets you drag-and-drop predefined modeling elements, connect them together, and create models of dynamic systems. These dynamic systems can be continuous-time, multi-rate discrete-time, or virtually any combination of the three. You can create custom model elements or reuse legacy code-based models by incorporating C, Fortran, or Ada code directly into the modeling environment.

Summar of the Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Summar of the - Essay Example Bi-directional case studies were conducted to assess the impact at back end and at the clients end. This paper does not limit its research to one area, rather it is based on the study of the content assessment, the technology incorporated and the algorithm used towards the data collection techniques. The categorized usage of blogs has seen implementation from the main leads of the industry. One similar example of its categorized usage came about from Microsoft when they implemented MSDN. The core function of this blog was to provide the technical platform of the users and the players associated. This was one of the broad line major approaches undertaken in recent years towards overall expansion of the blogging field. Apart from this other major efforts and seminars conducted towards further expansion of this field came about in 2008, 2009 in the form of TREC conference. The purpose of this entire activity is to bring uniformity and more effective outlook to the usage of blogs. The broad sectoring would allow for a more active and interactive outlook of the blogging entity making it useful towards different clients. Organizing the blogs can help the companies in many ways. This in turn would allow the companies working according to the needs of the clients. Through the desired segmentation and organization of the data and information of the blog websites that are spread all over, the companies and their targeting approach will allow for promoting their ideas at the right place. In other words, it would enable them reaching to the right kind of clients at the right time and in the right manner. This is the core idea proposed by the research paper at hand. Critical decisions can be made with regard to the areas of investment and the areas of clients requirements fulfillment. Undertaking this task would bring along number of

Ecobeach Eco-tourism Operation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Ecobeach Eco-tourism Operation - Essay Example It involves the activities of educating tourists and the provision of funds for the purpose of the environments preservation (Frisch and Johannsen, 2004). The major purpose of carrying out these activities is to aid in the protection of nature and to empower the locals politically. It also assists in fostering the economic growth of a country and the reverence for the different cultures along with the right’s of humans. The major aim of eco tourism is to preserve nature so that the coming generations can enjoy environments that are safe and habitable (Fennel and Dowling, 2003). Tourism on the other hand is the activity of organizing the commercial operation of vocations and places that are of interest to the visitors in an area. Most people view the process of making improvements on the environment as the duty of the local authorities, the nongovernmental organizations dealing in protection of the environment and other profit making organizations dealing with the matter. Eco b eaches are those beaches where environmental protection efforts have been done on them to ensure that nature, the community and the visitors all benefit. 1.1 Background information The importance of ecotourism has been put to consideration by different environmentalists who desire to conserve the environment for the coming generations. Their efforts focus on the charitable sustainability of our surroundings. Tourism entails visiting areas where flowers, fauna and artistic traditions are the major appeals for commercial reasons (Zeppel, 2006). The major goal of this practice is to enhance the tourists views on the impacts of mans activities on his surroundings. It also aids in enabling... The paper tells that the importance of ecotourism has been put to consideration by different environmentalists who desire to conserve the environment for the coming generations. Their efforts focus on the charitable sustainability of our surroundings. Tourism entails visiting areas where flowers, fauna and artistic traditions are the major appeals for commercial reasons. The major goal of this practice is to enhance the tourists views on the impacts of mans activities on his surroundings. It also aids in enabling people to appreciate their natural homes better. Among the activities that these programs carry out aim at reducing the harm tourism causes on the surroundings and enhance the artistic honor of the locals. The international target market of choice for the beach eco tourism operation at Kimberly are visitors from all around the globe. The visitors to the beach all come from different cultures with different convictions, approaches and values to life and nature. The chosen int ernational market requires to be in a safe environment with fresh waters. They also require high quality and safe supplies of the products on offer from the beach resorts they visit. There should be provision of adequate and standard accommodation to handle any number of visitors who decide to visit the beach. Provision of all the adequate amenities in the visitors accommodation areas should be put into consideration before advertising the premises. The wants and needs of the target market should enable the management of the tourist operations to determine what to produce.

Diagnostic and Health Care Promotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diagnostic and Health Care Promotion - Essay Example The marriage as a cultural aspect in the Ethiopian community respects the decision of the family in marrying off a teenager. After a potential groom opts to get married, they have to arrange so that families can and agree. This avenue provides a window through which to drive health promotion against teenage pregnancy. To begin with, the promotion plan should focus on sensitizing the local community member in the rural areas on the adverse effects of teenage marriages and teenage pregnancy. Such campaigns would influence the opinion of the families because they are the ones to endorse marriages. Emotions play a significant role in cognition to enable people understands a situation better. Marrying off teenagers against their wish is detrimental even if the justice system supports it. Another indirect strategy is a campaign of girl child education, which indirectly lowers chances of early marriages; hence teenage pregnancy (Noddings, 2005; Santelli, Lindberg, Finer, & Singh, 2007). Eng aging the rural communities for the benefit of educating the girl child will improve the school going girls’ population. When this number increases, the early marriages will be less appealing and as such, reduce teenage pregnancies. Teenage girls should have regular health care services and counseling to help them understand reproductive health. If the health promotion campaigns target this population, they will understand the benefits of delaying sexual intercourse with adults; hence, avoid pregnancy.

Regions Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Regions - Research Paper Example The specific concept that emerged during this period was altered the conception of the region. The concept was not a descriptive unit but rather, and it was a theoretical unit. The intellectual transformation was wedded to geopolitical conditions that comprised war and militarism. The transformation was driven by an imperative in advancement in science. The article shows an increase in the demand for regional intelligence and research that could address social challenges adequately. A new regional model that is linked with the solidification the strategic regions of the world open to America power and there is an emergency of complex technology involved in science. The evidence provided to support the main point of the second reference is the measurement takes in situ. The article provides a time comparison of the offensive patterns at two points in Oresund, a Scandinavian border region in between Sweden and Denmark. The analysis was carried out to facilitate the understanding of the relationship between crime and demography, land and social-economic covariates. The measurement is taken at the original point of occurrence and hence in situ. The implication of the main point of the first reference is the explanation between the advances in science and technology and military operations. The article implies that as science and technology advanced the operations of the military also advanced. The implication of the main point of the second reference is that there is a possibility of crime in the border to continue growing interest in Europe. The increased interest is as a result of the enlargement of the European Union and the increase in the movement across the border. The movement is facilitated by improved communication systems. The increased communication systems lead to the continuous change in the offensive pattern across the border. The two main points can be combined to

Social Groups Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Groups - Essay Example In European countries it seems that more emphasis is placed on the enjoyment of life, and not necessarily an enjoyment of money. In America it is often believed that fun and enjoyment cannot be had without spending money, whereas in Europe citizens learn to enjoy the simpler aspects of life and pleasures that come free of cost. The main difference between the work ethics of Americans and Europeans is that the United States is a more capitalistic society. 1.) "Capitalism is a system of wage based labor and commodity production for sale, exchange, and profit rather than for immediate use of the producers" (Scott). In the United States, citizens feel that they have to work in order to enjoy life. They hold the philosophy that one must work in order to receive. Americans believe that everyone is out for themselves and that if one wants to improve their quality of life they must work for it. 2.) While the United States work ethic is definitely money oriented, it is not purely capitalistic. 4.) The United States government has adapted some practices with a socialist background and applied them to the American way of life. Examples of these practices can be seen in free education for all, free healthcare for those that qualify, free food and food stamps for those that are in need, etc. In Europe, many citizens enjoy a more relaxed work schedule with longer weekends and more vacati

Higher Education and the Promotion of Health Essay

Higher Education and the Promotion of Health - Essay Example â€Å"Some illnesses are highly transmittable and can be passed on by touching an infected person or by getting in contact with the body fluids of the infected person† (Eddy, 1994). When the fluids of an infected person comes in contact with another the disease causing micro-organisms get transmitted to the other person. The other individual gets infected by the micro-organisms and becomes ill. Most of the causes of diseases are related directly to the environment where the individual lives or has visited. Environmental factors that cause diseases include the air that one breathes, food that one eats and the water than one drink. The air that one breathes may be contaminated by viruses that are airborne and may lead to the individual becoming ill. An example of an airborne disease is tuberculosis which is easily spread by air especially in crowded areas. Some individuals are allergic to specific foods, and if they take them by mistake, they become ill. Some diseases are waterborne, and if individuals take water that is contaminated they are a high risk of becoming ill. An example of a waterborne disease is cholera which greatly affects young children. Some diseases are caused by certain individual lifestyles such as eating habits. Eating foods that have high cholesterol levels and not engaging oneself in activities that help burn the cholesterol may lead to obesity and cardiac complications. Eating foods that have high sugar content may lead to high blood pressure and other related diseases. Some individuals have a lifestyle where they engage themselves in unprotected sex. Having unprotected sex is a very risky behavior as it makes one highly susceptible to contract sexually transmitted diseases and infections. Individuals who drink too much alcohol put themselves at a risk of getting a liver cirrhosis, and they need to reduce greatly or stop the intake of alcohol. â€Å"One needs to have a lifestyle that does not affect one’s health† (Naido

Educational Psychology Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Educational Psychology - Article Example In addition, online education system is perceived as a mode that offers low-cost education in a flexible program within a limited time span in contrast to the traditional methods of classrooms. The blended/hybrid course applies both traditional and online methods. This delivery is used for practice and real application in that the student is face-to-face with a trainer who can rectify wherever wrong (Hill, 2012). Many university heads in United States have found it useful in incorporation of online studies in their institutions. The senior leaders claim that the online education should be considered as a strategic plan in every university. For example, the university of Virginia board of governors has pressured the introduction of online causes (Hill, 2012). The finding in this article is effective since the researcher used a quantitative method. Education psychology as a field is involved in education and psychological development of children and the young people within the home, school or community at large. The Bible claims it very clear that children are gifts from God (Psalm 127:3). Moreover, it claims that everybody has his or her own talent. Therefore, a child whose talent is not academically suited will incur some problems in studies. For example, a child may be blessed in sports activities. Such child may be poor in academics. Education is identified as the key to success and good communication. Therefore, such unprivileged children should be helped in a special way for them to improve their academic performances. Education psychologists should posses’ specialized skills in order for them to work positively with the children in nurturing of their learning, behaviors and social stability. Educational psychologists are trained to handle children depending on their needs. They train in child development, learning psychology and teaching skills. They take time studying children’s functional

Black Cat Essay Example for Free

Black Cat Essay In Poes The Black Cat, the cat acts as an instrument of justice. The story illustrates that the narrator tortures his pets. Moreover, he kills his wife and the black cat brutally. He tries his best to hide the dead body of his wife. But when the second cat screams and reveals the body to the police officers , it brought about justice to narrators wife and all those animals whom narrator had tortured. Thus the cat indirectly punishes the narrator by revealing the dead body of his wife to the corps. To begin with, the narrator is portrayed as an evil-doer in the story and he deserves punishment for his crimes. For example, the he begins to suffer violent mood swings under the influence of alcohol.He takes to mistreating not only other animals but also his wife. During this uncontrollable rage he spares only Pluto(the black cat). One night when Pluto bites his hand, he cuts out one of the cats eyes. This shows his vengeful behaviour. He keeps on committing wrong just for the sake of wrong. Then, one night he hangs the cat from a tree , where it dies.Furthermore,one day when narrator and his wife are visiting the cellar , the second cat gets under his feet and nearly trips him down the stairs . In a fury, the man grabs an axe and tries to kill the cat but is stopped by his wife. Enraged, he kills her with the axe instead. These actions of narrator throw light upon his merciless and cruel nature. Moreover , he tries to escape from punishment and hides the dead body. Thus, the action of the cat in the end of the story is completely justified. In conclusion, the second cat ultimately serves as the facilitator of justice when it reveals the corpses hiding place at the end of tale. Its initial appearance on the top of a hogstead of rum emphasizes its moral purpose.

Media and Terrorism Essay Example for Free

Media and Terrorism Essay Media and Terrorism which play the vital role all over the world, are the top-most headlines to be discussed at present. So first of all, I have defined both terms and then I have tried to explain their relationship and the role of Media towards Terrorism. What is Media? Communication is one of the most important features of life. A baby cries to communicate its hunger. But it is not just a one-way process. When the mother hears her baby crying she tries to make out whether it is because of its hunger or because it is suffering from some other discomfort. She administers to the baby in accordance with her interpretation of the cry that it is communicating. So communication is a two-way process where the response is part of the process. That we define as Medium. When the medium carries messages to a large number of people through technology like Newspapers, Radio, Television, Internet etc. then it becomes a mass medium and so we call it Media. What is Terrorism? The FBI defines as, Terrorism is the unlawful use of force and violence against persons or property to intimidate or coerce a government, the civilian population, or any segment thereof, in furtherance of political or social objectives. Within this definition three elements are focused such as violence, fear and intimidation and each element produces terror in its victims. It is also to be noted that there are three perspectives of terrorism and they are terrorists, the victims, and the general public. So terrorism is a criminal act that influences an audience beyond the immediate victim. Media and Terrorism The Media plays an important role in the lives of the people. Some people believe that Media precedes the spread of ideas. The Media can spin and color stories to suit their agenda. They can rile up the public over certain issues or hide vital information. The Media is used also for the selfish-profit motive which never serves the purpose of the society. In order to attract the people, money, creativity, the service of the people are misused and bargained. Most of the films concentrate on the idea of terrorism. But we must reflect whether it is used to bring unity or anythingelse. Because the film directors use their criminal mind more than what the police require of detective mind. Because, before the police identify the terrorist, the terrorist repents and changes his mind and escapes from the place without attacking the people (Rf. Black or White). Through films, the directors give lot of techniques which even the terrorist would not have thought of. The directors justify also the violent act of taking revenge in some of the films. Today, the main target of the Media is children. That’s why the video games are introduced to the children and reached the children rapidly. But if we analyse that what game children choose to play, then we can identify that they prefer to play only violent type of games like boxing, wrestling, etc. Even there are boys who play this type of games by absenting themselves for regular classes. Why the children play this type of games? Because, the anger which they are not able to reveal in front of their parents, teachers, etc., is compensated in the video games. Then we must reflect how the Media is focused to the children? and how the future(children) is going to be and to fulfill the responsibilities? The Media is misused by the politicians too for their survival. In order to hold and preserve their Chair, they invent the new issue to the public and provoke the sentiments of the public. Even if it consumes the life of many people, they never bother and continue to stimulate the emotions of the public through Media (e.g. Karnataka and Tamilnadu states – Okenakal water-falls issue).

A case study on suffering with depression

A case study on suffering with depression Depression is a whole body illness, meaning it affects your body, mood and thoughts. It can be a very serious illness which affects the way you eat and sleep, the way you feel about yourself and the way you think about things. It is more than just a passing mood, and is very different from the usual feelings of sadness and feeling fed up. The feelings of depression usually last more than a few days; they can last for months or even years. If left untreated, these feelings can interfere with the daily life of the individual and can also have an effect on the people around them. Depression can affect anyone at any age, including children, although it is more likely to occur if there has been a family history of depression. Health professionals use different terms to describe depression, these are: depression, depressive illness and clinical depression (NHS, 2009). It is commonly thought that depression is not a real illness. It is seen more like a weakness or a failure in an individual however, just because it is not visible does not mean it is not real. Types of depression There many different forms of depression, these can range from mild depression through to severe depression and individuals who suffer with severe depression may also show psychotic symptoms. Major depression, probably the most common form of depression, is manifested by a combination of symptoms that interfere with the individuals ability to eat, sleep, work and study. Usually the individual will lose interest in once pleasurable activities and also has a feeling of hopelessness. Some individuals only have a single depressive episode, while others have recurring episodes. (Psychology Information Online, 2009) Dysthymia is a mild, chronic state of depression and the symptoms are similar to major depression, but less severe. A person may suffer from dysthymia depression for years before being diagnosed, thus they would still continue with everyday life and may not even realise that they are suffering with depression, they could just have a feeling that something is not quite right. (Psychology Information Online, 2009) Atypical depression is different to major depression in the way that an individual will feel better temporarily when a positive life event occurs, whereas an individual suffering from major depression will nearly always feel low. This type of depression can last for a couple of months or can be with an individual for their entire life. (Depression About.com, 2009) Bipolar disorder, or manic depressive disorder, is an emotional disorder in which an individual alternates between states of deep depression and extreme elation. (Bipolar About.com, 2009) It is characterised by sudden changes in mood, thoughts and behaviour and there is a high suicide rate seen in individuals who suffer from manic depression. The two extremes of depression are where the individual feels very low and mania where the individual feels very high. (NHS, 2009) Postpartum depression affects woman, almost always, immediately after childbirth. It is thought that postpartum depression is triggered by the hormonal changes that follow childbirth. Some woman have severe and long lasting symptoms that require treatment, others can generally beat the baby blues with good self-care and support from friends and family. (Depression About.com, 2009) There are other less serious forms of depression for example, premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PDD) and seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Symptoms There are many different symptoms of depression and these symptoms can include physical, psychological and social symptoms. These symptoms can vary from one individual to another and also depend on the severity of the depression. Depression causes changes in thinking, feeling, behaviour and physical well-being, for example it can cause the individual to lose interest in activities that they previously enjoyed. The physical symptoms can include: slowed speech and movement; a change in weight and appetite; constipation; lack of energy; changes to the menstrual cycle and disturbed sleeping patterns. (NHS, 2009) The psychological symptoms of depression can include: a feeling of hopelessness and helplessness; a low self esteem; tearfulness; feelings of guilt; feeling irritable and intolerant of others; lack of motivation; lack of enjoyment; feeling anxious or worried; reduced sexual drive; suicidal thoughts or thoughts of harming others. (NHS, 2009) The social symptoms can include: a reduced interest in hobbies; difficulties in home and family life; fewer social activities; and isolation. (NHS, 2009) Diagnosis Depression is a very common condition and can affect anyone of any age, including children. When an individual is suspected of suffering from depression, they should immediately seek advice from their GP. Depression cannot be diagnosed by a blood test or any kind of physical investigation: it is diagnosed by the presence of characteristic symptoms. The characteristic symptoms are listed in a publication called the DSM-IV. The GP will make the initial diagnosis and if the individual is showing some or all of these characteristics, the GP will usually provide treatment or will refer the individual to another suitable professional. PROFILE OF INDIVIDUAL, FAMILY AND SOCIAL NETWORKS Marys father was an alcoholic who was verbally and physically abusive, he suffered from the Casanova complex and therefore had 23 children with nine different women, and was married five times. When Mary was born her father was not married to her mother, but was still married to another woman. Marys parents eventually married but got divorced when Mary was six and because of this divorce, Marys mother became a divorcee with illegitimate children. Subsequently Marys mother became an outcast in the small town they lived in, so she moved Mary and her siblings to London. Due to all the strains and stresses of her life, Marys mother became very angry and became extremely violent towards her children (DLCentre, 2008). Mary was the oldest child in her extremely dysfunctional family and when she was just 17 she moved out, taking her brothers and sisters with her, and subsequently took on a more parental role and became their main source of support (DLCentre, 2008). Mary feared being abandoned, therefore suffered anxiety in marriage and family commitments, this could possibly have been due to her parents divorce and from not receiving any positive reinforcement. Mary eventually married a dentist who had promised to stay with her forever and she devoted herself to her family and two daughters. She did not make friends easily and therefore had very few close personal friends, but she had one close friend with whom she confided everything to except anything about her past. Mary suffered with suicidal feelings, resentment towards her mother, anger and frustration with her oldest daughter and poor communication with her husband (DLCentre, 2008). These are all common effects of a person who suffered from a dysfunctional family as a child. Conflict, misbehaviour and abuse are common occurrences within a dysfunctional family. Dysfunctional families are mainly caused by adults who are affected by alcoholism, substance abuse, or any other addictions, untreated mental illnesses or personality disorders, or possibly even as a result of the parents acting out on their own dysfunctional family experiences and copying their parents. Many children from dysfunctional families are often unaware of their situation and believe that what they experience on a day to day basis in completely normal. Children from dysfunctional families often take on different roles, which include: the good child; problem child; caretaker; lost child; mascot and mastermind (Wikipedia, 2009). Mary became aware that something was not right in her family life, which was evidenced by her moving out and taking on the role of the good child by moving her siblings in with her, and thus becoming their main source of support. Other effects children suffer by living in a dysfunctional family include: moderate to severe mental health issues; distrust of others; paranoia; difficulty forming healthy relationships with others; feeling angry, anxious, depressed unlovable and having mixed feelings of love-hate towards certain family members (Wikipedia, 2009). Looking at her symptoms, Mary suffers from these effects and is therefore a victim of a dysfunctional family. The abuse Mary suffered from both her parents could have led Mary to her depression. OUTLINE THE ONSET AND PROGRESSION OF THE CONDITION Prior to seeing her GP, Marys condition was so severe that she had no interest in anything. Her physical symptoms included low energy, shaking and trembling, heart palpitations, menstrual problems, poor sleep patterns and constipation. At the onset of therapy, Mary started to show suicidal feelings, resentment towards her mother, anger and frustration towards her daughter and poor communication with her husband (DLCentre, 2008). From these symptoms, it could be concluded that Mary is suffering from major depressive disorder (Psychnet-UK, 2009). There are many factors that have possibly led Mary to her depression. Her father was verbally and physically abusive and her mother became violent and angry towards Mary and her siblings. Mary had a strong fear of being abandoned and this could possibly have been due to her parents divorce and from not receiving any positive reinforcement. Major depression is the most common and most severe form of depression. It is manifested by a combination of symptoms that interfere with the individuals ability to eat, sleep, work and study. Usually the individual will lose interest in once pleasurable activities and also has a feeling of hopelessness (Psychnet-UK, 2009). Major depression can be triggered from a single traumatic event in an individuals life, or may develop slowly as a consequence of numerous personal disappointments and life problems. Some people appear to develop the symptoms of a major depression without any obvious life crisis causing it. Some individuals only have a single depressive episode, while others have recurring episodes. (Psychology Information Online, 2009) It could also be caused by an inherited gene passed onto children from their parents (Psychnet-UK, 2009). SOCIALISATION AND ROLE THEORY Counselling or therapy is where the patient would involve in a discussion with a therapist to uncover unconscious conflicts and abnormalities. This method allows the individual to discover what is causing the abnormal behaviour and to help the individual to think about their problems in order to find new ways of dealing with them. The patient is then able to consciously deal with the issues and resolve them, enabling them to be able to handle current life situations better too. (Psychology Information Online, 2009) In order to be able to do this a good rapport needs to be built. The therapist can offer a safe relationship for building trust and help Mary to re-establish a certain sense of security. Communication skills are paramount in building a trusting relationship with the therapist and when Mary feels safe and secure with the relationship she has with the therapist then the wider network of family can be brought in. The aim is to try and build a social network of support and to engage more fully with life, within the family and independently. Friends and family are an important part of building a trusting relationship. HOW COULD MARY BE TREATED? In order to make an initial diagnosis, the GP will first need to know the individuals background and family history, mainly to see if there is a history of depression within the family. If there is, then depression is more likely to occur however, it is also possible for individuals with no family history to develop depression. A cognitive approach could be taken and this deals with the way a person thinks. It involves talking with a therapist in order to discover the beliefs and expectations that cause their unhappiness. This form of treatment involves cognitive reconstructing, which is where the patients are encouraged and taught to replace negative thoughts with rational, positive ones giving them a more adaptive thinking pattern. It involves the individual keeping a diary of their thoughts and feelings, this information would then be passed on to the therapist who would analyse it and find out how the thoughts could be turned around. The therapist will do this by setting the patient reasonable goals so that they can introduce realistic and rational beliefs into their thought pattern (Psychology Information Online, 2009). Therefore it can be concluded that the change in Marys personality is due to the way she sees the situation. Mary has been more susceptible to depression because of her past experience s of violence, negative reinforcement and her feelings of abandonment. Aaron Beck (1985, cited in Gross, 2005) stated that psychological problems can be overcome if the misconceptions are corrected using introspection, insight, reality testing and learning. Drug therapy is the use of tranquillisers, antidepressants and other drugs. They help lessen the symptoms, but are not a successful treatment for everyone. This form of therapy would not be beneficial to Mary on its own, mainly because it hasnt been successful before, but could prove to be most beneficial when combined with cognitive therapy (Psychology Information Online, 2009). Electro-convulsive therapy is where a high current is passed through the patients brain for 0.5 seconds whilst the patient is under anaesthetics and this procedure induces a convulsion that lasts for about one minute. This therapy is used mainly to treat severe depression and is a short term treatment which lasts for up to one year. ECT offers fast relief and can cause memory loss (Cardwell, Flanagan, 2003). Mary may benefit from this treatment as a quick relief to her symptoms, as this may stop the feelings of being suicidal, however this treatment may not help with the resentment towards her mother, anger and frustration towards her daughter and poor communication with her husband. The psychoanalytical theory is the classical model. Freud (1915) noted that depression is precipitated. It aims to analyse the persons feelings of loss and abandonment through the loss free association. The belief supported by this model is that psychological problems arise from the personality (psyche) rather than from physical causes (Cardwell Flanagan, 2003). This theory aims to analyse the persons feelings of loss and abandonment by talking about their past. This treatment method involves having the individual going back to an earlier age, which in Marys case would probably be her childhood in order to explore her feelings about the divorce and the violence. The therapist will then go on to help Mary to look at and re-evaluate the situations and to reconsider her past losses so as to gain a new perspective on them. Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) focuses on relationships with other people (Cardwell Flanagan, 2003). As Mary has had issues with her family in the past and is currently having problems with her family IPT would be an incredible advantage to Mary. All of these therapies would be good treatment for Mary, as they explore all of the areas of her life and will help her to deal with and come to terms with her past. If she is able to do this, she may be able to move on and may also be able to stop her children from experiencing the same things she experienced during her life and may even be able to prevent her children from suffering with depression. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INTERVENTIONS Depression can be treated in many different ways which include drug therapy, electro-convulsive therapy, psychosurgery and cognitive therapy. Drug therapy is the use of tranquillisers, antidepressants and other drugs. Tranquillisers are used to alleviate anxiety, or in stronger doses they can be used to treat psychotic disorders and antidepressants are used to treat depressive disorders. Drugs help lessen the symptoms and are not a successful treatment for everyone. Drug therapy can be a quick solution and can therefore prove to be economical however, there is a chance of addiction, allergic reaction or intolerance and side effects may be worse than the original symptoms. Alternative therapies are available for example, St Johns Wort, which is a herbal treatment and is effective in treating mild depression but it comes with its own disadvantages. It can cause serious problems if the individual is already taking medications such as anticonvulsants and anticoagulants, and can also reduce the effect of oral contraceptives. Electro-convulsive therapy is where a high current is passed through the patients brain for 0.5 seconds whilst the patient is under anaesthetics and this procedure induces a convulsion that lasts for about one minute. This therapy is used mainly to treat severe depression and is a short term treatment which lasts for up to one year. ECT offers faster relief than drugs which is important in suicidal patients and was a popular treatment prior to drug therapies, although drugs are safer. Treatment of ECT can cause memory loss, however ECT may work where other methods fail. (Cardwell, Flanagan, 2003 pp. 222-223) Psychosurgery is the most extreme form of therapy and is used as a last resort. It involves removing the section of dysfunctional brain tissue and the procedure is not reversible. It is believed that by removing the dysfunctional brain tissue the symptoms and problems will disappear and will not reoccur. The effects of psychosurgery are not consistent and there is also the ethical issue of informed consent. It is not a quick fix and therapists need effective training before performing the treatment. (Cardwell, Flanagan, 2003 pp. 222-223) Another type of treatment is cognitive therapy. It is derived from various sources including behaviour therapy and psychoanalysis, which define and operationalise cognition in different ways. It involves talking with a therapist in order to discover the beliefs and expectations that cause their unhappiness. The patients are encouraged and taught to replace negative thoughts with rational, positive ones giving them a more adaptive thinking pattern. The therapist will set the patient reasonable goals so that they can introduce realistic and rational beliefs into their though pattern. This form of therapy is a popular choice but it may be lengthy and costly. A combination of two treatments usually works better than just one treatment for example, combining drugs and cognitive therapy (Psychology Information Online, 2009). However, each therapy is different and so is each individual person and what works for one individual may not work for others, so it is difficult to make comparisons between different therapies. When the symptoms are extremely severe the individual may either admit themself or be admitted into hospital for a short time. This short time away helps the individual to get away from the daily stresses that have caused the depression. Some treatments are only available in a hospital setting for example, ECT (Cardwell, Flanagan, 2003). LIKELY PROGNOSIS FOR THE FUTURE An individual is likely to suffer from depression if there is a family history of it. A full recovery is possible with treatment but there is also a risk it could return for example, it could be triggered by a traumatic event in the future. If Mary is responding well to treatment she could resolve her differences with her family and will possibly start to see that her life is not worthless. Her physical state of health will drastically improve and the suicidal thoughts she has been feeling will begin to disappear. SUMMARY Depression is real and is a common condition which affects an individual in the way they feel, act and behave. There are symptoms for depression and different types of medications or therapies that can be used to treat the individual. Depression can take many forms from mild through to severe and not all sufferers present the same symptoms. It can be genetic and can also be triggered by certain traumatic life events. Each treatment is different and so is each individual, thus it is impossible to compare and recommend a specific model of therapy. The best way to treat depression is possibly to combine two different therapies. Mary has suffered many problems in her life, from violence and abuse to abandonment. A combination of the medical and cognitive therapies would help Mary. The generalisations about depression could include that one treatment/therapy would suit everyone, but that is not necessarily the case as each person has different problems. Not all models of care will work on everyone and some people may recover quicker than others. It is not possible to generalise depression as it is by far a more complex illness than people are aware of. BIBLIOGRAPHY About.com Bipolar Disorder (2009) Bipolar Disorder Manic Depressive Illness From Diagnosis to Medications [online] Available from: http://bipolar.about.com/ [Accessed 22 December 2009] About.com Depression (2009) About Depression Information and support for depression [online]. Available from: http://depression.about.com/ [Accessed 22 December 2009] Cardwell, M. Flanagan, C., (2003) Psychology A2: the complete companion. UK: Nelson Thornes Ltd Eysenck, M., (2001) Psychology for A2 level. UK: Psychology Press Ltd Gross, R., (2005) Psychology The Science of Mind and Behaviour. 5th ed. London: Hodder Education. NHS Choices (2009) Depression [online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/depression/Pages/Introduction.aspx [Accessed 22 December 2009] NHS Choices (2009) Understanding Depression [online]. Available from: http://www.nhs.uk/Pathways/depression/Pages/Landing.aspx?WT.srch=1 [Accessed 22 December 2009] Psychology Information Online (2009) Depression Information and Treatment [online]. Available from: http://www.psychologyinfo.com/depression/ [Accessed 22 December 2009] Psychnet-UK (2009) Major depressive Episode [online]. Available from: http://www.psychnet-uk.com/dsm_iv/major_depression.htm [Accessed 22 December 2009]

Rauschenbusch: A Man Ahead of His Time :: essays research papers

Rauschenbusch: A Man Ahead of His Time â€Å"Theology is the esoteric thought of the Church.† (WR 15) What is meant by this is that theology is a part of the Church that is very mysterious and confusing to most laymen. Rauschenbusch has introduced many new ideas into the theological point of view. Rauschenbusch tries to explain that the social gospel is here to help people pull more from theology than just jargon that they don’t understand. One of Rauschenbuch’s main points throughout his book A Theology for the Social Gospel is that man uses the thought of Adam being responsible for original sin and therefore everyone is born into sin. Jonathan Kozol, the author of Amazing Grace, went to the impoverished city of Mott Haven to observe the motivation of the citizens amidst a town where sin is around every street corner. He examined the meaning of life and the little opportunity the citizens of Mott Haven had to escape their unfortunate circumstances. Through Walter Rauschenbusch’s A Theology for the Social Gospel one can find the answers to the questions of sin and the heavy presence of sin. The excuse of using Adam as a reason to rid men of their responsibilities is one of the biggest mistakes theologians make, but Rauschenbusch has tried to set things straight by pointing out that those sinful behaviors are learned through your lifestyle and surroundings. Rauschenbusch has introduced many new ideas into the theological point of view. He still uses many of the same ideas of the â€Å"old theology†, but has just made some important changes to add his own thoughts on what theology should be about and how it should be used to influence people’s daily lives throughout the world. Rauschenbusch says, â€Å"Theology is not superior to the gospel. It exists to aid the preaching of salvation. Its business is to make the essential facts and principles of Christianity so simple and clear†¦that all who preach or teach the gospel†¦can draw on its stores and deliver a complete and unclouded Christian message. When the progress of humanity creates new tasks†¦or new problems†¦theology must connect these old fundamentals of our faith and make them Christian tasks and problems.† (WR 6) He is saying that basically the social gospel is an aid to help people understand what their salvation is and how to achieve salvation, but while doing this not using complicated jargon to confuse the laymen.

Standards of Living Essay -- Economics Essays

Standards of Living In "Stone Age Economics" Marshall Sahlins contrasts the economic strategy of industrial societies to hunter-gatherer societies. In doing so he dispels former ideas that hunter-gatherer societies are poor, unhappy and hungry. He explains this by asserting a number of relevant points. First, in an industrial society, a person’s wants are extremely high, while his/her means are limited. Industrial products are created to close this gap between wants and means. In a hunter-gatherer society (the Zen road to affluence as Sahlins describes it), a person’s wants are low, while the technical means to satisfy these wants are adequate. In this case the standard of living is low compared to industrial societies but the people are satisfied when it comes to material objects. In their eyes they have plenty (Sahlins, 1972:2). Prior to the 1970's many believed that hunter-gatherer societies were poor and unhappy. Westerners believed that these groups lived inadequately with scarce resources. However, Sahlins states that it is modern capitalist societies that are dealing with scarcity as they have placed such an emphasis on material goods. Consumption in this case has lead to inadequacy and eventually deprivation in industrial societies (Sahlins, 1972:4). In Sahlins’ example " every purchase of something is a foregoing of something else" (Sahlins, 1972:4). However, in a hunter-gatherer society, there is no such thing as material wealth, and therefore no deprivation, or unhappiness. "Hunters are in business for their health. . . bow and arrow are adequate to that end" (Sahlins, 1972:5). In hunter-gatherer societies, material wealth has become a burden as it suppresses their highly mobile lifestyle. In this... ... and alcohol. All of these factors have altered their mobile, reciprocal way of life and has brought on many conflicts as well as a stationery life. The results of these changes emphasize how the Ju (and other hunter-gatherer groups) have maintained a successful lifestyle by mobility and foraging. Their standard of living has dropped with the onset of western ideas and technologies. Many of them remember the old way of life, but how will they return to that? I feel that it is important to learn from the Ju and other hunter-gatherer groups. Not everyone can live as we, in the technological, highly industrial, capitalistic society, can. My question is, as different parts of the world are influenced by capitalism can governments support hunter-gatherers in a capitalistic society and will there ever be a return to this way of life by people like the Ju/’hoansi?

Hotel Alka, Varanasi Essay --

Varanasi, the city of temples has 52 ghats on the banks of River Ganges. Hotel Alka is one of the top five hotels that provide one with a memorizing stay along the River Ganges. Located in the heart of the city on D3/23, Meer Ghat between the Dasaswamedh and Manikarnika ghats, the hotel is easily accessible from the Lal Bahahadur Shastri International Airport which is situated at a distance of 25 kms from the hotel. The hotel is much closer to the Varanasi Junction Railway Station that is only 5 kms away from it. It’s a breathtaking experience to view the beautiful Ganges from all the rooms of the hotel. One can also see splendid sunrise and sunsets, the Lord Vishwanath’s temple, boats floating on Ganges, people practicing yogic asanas and taking sacred bath in the holy river and a serene atmosphere filled with background score of the devotional songs from the balconies, rooms and restaurant of the hotel. One can really explore the River Ganga and Varanasi from hotel Alka. The best feature of the hotel is a huge courtyard and balconies perfect for relaxing and... Hotel Alka, Varanasi Essay -- Varanasi, the city of temples has 52 ghats on the banks of River Ganges. Hotel Alka is one of the top five hotels that provide one with a memorizing stay along the River Ganges. Located in the heart of the city on D3/23, Meer Ghat between the Dasaswamedh and Manikarnika ghats, the hotel is easily accessible from the Lal Bahahadur Shastri International Airport which is situated at a distance of 25 kms from the hotel. The hotel is much closer to the Varanasi Junction Railway Station that is only 5 kms away from it. It’s a breathtaking experience to view the beautiful Ganges from all the rooms of the hotel. One can also see splendid sunrise and sunsets, the Lord Vishwanath’s temple, boats floating on Ganges, people practicing yogic asanas and taking sacred bath in the holy river and a serene atmosphere filled with background score of the devotional songs from the balconies, rooms and restaurant of the hotel. One can really explore the River Ganga and Varanasi from hotel Alka. The best feature of the hotel is a huge courtyard and balconies perfect for relaxing and...

MBA Database Management Essay

A1. Differentiate between Traditional File System & Modern Database System File Base system were the traditional systems which has been replaced now by modern database systems. All database application are using the Modern day database management systems now a days . The difference between the these two technologies given below. File-based System File-based systems were an early attempt to computerize the manual filing system. File-based system is a collection of application programs that perform services for the end-users. Each program defines and manages its data. However, five types of problem are occurred in using the file-based approach: Separation and isolation of data When data is isolated in separate files, it is more difficult for us to access data that should be available. The application programmer is required to synchronize the processing of two or more files to ensure the correct data is extracted. Duplication of data When employing the decentralized file-based approach, the uncontrolled duplication of data is occurred. Uncontrolled duplication of data is undesirable because: i.Duplication is wasteful ii.Duplication can lead to loss of data integrity Data dependence Using file-based system, the physical structure and storage of the data files and records are defined in the application program code. This characteristic is known as program-data dependence. Making changes to an existing structure are rather difficult and will lead to a modification of program. Such maintenance activities are time-consuming and subject to error. Incompatible file formats The structures of the file are dependent on the application programming language. However file structure provided in one programming language such as direct file, indexed-sequential file which is available in COBOL programming, may be different from the structure generated by other programming language such as C. The direct incompatibility makes them difficult to process jointly. Fixed queries / proliferation of application programs File-based systems are very dependent upon the application programmer. Any required queries or reports have to be written by the application programmer. Normally, a fixed format query or report can only be entertained and no facility for ad-hoc queries if offered. File-based systems also give tremendous pressure on data processing staff, with users’ complaints on programs that are inadequate or inefficient in meeting their demands. Documentation may be limited and maintenance of the system is difficult. Provision for security, integrity and recovery capability is very limited. Database Systems: In order to overcome the limitations of the file-based approach, the concept of database and the Database Management System (DMS) was emerged in 60s. A database is an application that can store and retrieve data very rapidly. The relational bit refers to how the data is stored in the database and how it is organized. When we talk about database, we mean a relational database, in fact an RDBMS – Relational Database Management System. In a relational database, all data is stored in tables. These have the same structure repeated in each row (like a spreadsheet) and it is the relations between the tables that make it a â€Å"relational† table Advantages: A number of advantages of applying database approach in application system are obtained including: Control of data redundancy The database approach attempts to eliminate the redundancy by integrating the file. Although the database approach does not eliminate redundancy entirely, it controls the amount of redundancy inherent in the database. Data consistency: By eliminating or controlling redundancy, the database approach reduces the risk of inconsistencies occurring. It ensures all copies of the idea are kept consistent. More information from the same amount of data With the integration of the operated data in the database approach, it may be possible to derive additional information for the same data. Sharing of data Database belongs to the entire organization and can be shared by all authorized users. Improved data integrity Database integrity provides the validity and consistency of stored data. Integrity is usually expressed in terms of constraints, which are consistency rules that the database is not permitted to violate. Improved security Database approach provides a protection of the data from the unauthorized users. It may take the term of user names and passwords to identify user type and their access right in the operation including retrieval, insertion, updating and deletion. Enforcement of standards The integration of the database enforces the necessary standards including data formats, naming conventions, documentation standards, update procedures and access rules. Economy of scale Cost savings can be obtained by combining all organization’s operational data into one database with applications to work on one source of data. Balance of conflicting requirements By having a structural design in the database, the conflicts between users or departments can be resolved. Decisions will be based on the base use of resources for the organization as a whole rather that for an individual entity. Improved data accessibility and responsiveness By having an integration in the database approach, data accessing can be crossed departmental boundaries. This feature provides more functionality and better services to the users. Increased productivity The database approach provides all the low-level file-handling routines. The provision of these functions allows the programmer to concentrate more on the specific functionality required by the users. The fourth-generation environment provided by the database can simplify the database application development. Improved maintenance Database approach provides a data independence. As a change of data structure in the database will be affect the application program, it simplifies database application maintenance. Increased concurrency Database can manage concurrent data access effectively. It ensures no interference between users that would not result any loss of information nor loss of integrity. Improved backing and recovery services Modern database management system provides facilities to minimize the amount of processing that can be lost following a failure by using the transaction approach. Disadvantages In split of a large number of advantages can be found in the database approach, it is not without any challenge. The following disadvantages can be found including: Complexity Database management system is an extremely complex piece of software. All parties must be familiar with its functionality and take full advantage of it. Therefore, training for the administrators, designers and users is required. Size The database management system consumes a substantial amount of main memory as well as a large number amount of disk space in order to make it run efficiently. Cost of DBMS A multi-user database management system may be very expensive. Even after the installation, there is a high recurrent annual maintenance cost on the software. Cost of conversion When moving from a file-base system to a database system, the company is required to have additional expenses on hardware acquisition and training cost. Performance As the database approach is to cater for many applications rather than exclusively for a particular one, some applications may not run as fast as before. Higher impact of a failure The database approach increases the vulnerability of the system due to the centralization. As all users and applications reply on the database availability, the failure of any component can bring operations to a halt and affect the services to the customer seriously Q2. What is the disadvantage of sequential file organization? How do you overcome it? What are the advantages & disadvantages of Dynamic Hashing? Disadvantage of Sequestial file organization: A file that contains records or other elements that are stored in a chronological order based on account number or some other identifying data. In order to locate the desired data, sequential files must be read starting at the beginning of the file. A sequential file may be stored on a sequential access device such as magnetic tape or on a direct access device such as magnetic disk. Contrast with random file. Dynamic Hashing: Advantages The main advantage of hash tables over other table data structures is speed. This advantage is more apparent when the number of entries is large (thousands or more). Hash tables are particularly efficient when the maximum number of entries can be predicted in advance, so that the bucket array can be allocated once with the optimum size and never resized. If the set of key-value pairs is fixed and known ahead of time (so insertions and deletions are not allowed), one may reduce the average lookup cost by a careful choice of the hash function, bucket table size, and internal data structures. In particular, one may be able to devise a hash function that is collision-free, or even perfect (see below). In this case the keys need not be stored in the table . Disadvantages Hash tables can be more difficult to implement than self-balancing binary search trees. Choosing an effective hash function for a specific application is more an art than a science. In open-addressed hash tables it is fairly easy to create a poor hash function. Although operations on a hash table take constant time on average, the cost of a good hash function can be significantly higher than the inner loop of the lookup algorithm for a sequential list or search tree. Thus hash tables are not effective when the number of entries is very small. (However, in some cases the high cost of computing the hash function can be mitigated by saving the hash value together with the key.) For certain string processing applications, such as spell-checking, hash tables may be less efficient than tries, finite automata, or Judy arrays. Also, if each key is represented by a small enough number of bits, then, instead of a hash table, one may use the key directly as the index into an array of values. Note that there are no collisions in this case. The entries stored in a hash table can be enumerated efficiently (at constant cost per entry), but only in some pseudo-random order. Therefore, there is no efficient way to efficiently locate an entry whose key is nearest to a given key. Listing all n entries in some specific order generally requires a separate sorting step, whose cost is proportional to log(n) per entry. In comparison, ordered search trees have lookup and insertion cost proportional to log(n), but allow finding the nearest key at about the same cost, and ordered enumeration of all entries at constant cost per entry. If the keys are not stored (because the hash function is collision-free), there may be no easy way to enumerate the keys that are present in the table at any given moment. Although the average cost per operation is constant and fairly small, the cost of a single operation may be quite high. In particular, if the hash table uses dynamic resizing, an insertion or deletion operation may occasionally take time proportional to the number of entries. This may be a serious drawback in real-time or interactive applications. Hash tables in general exhibit poor locality of reference—that is, the data to be accessed is distributed seemingly at random in memory. Because hash tables cause access patterns that jump around, this can trigger microprocessor cache misses that cause long delays. Compact data structures such as arrays, searched with linear search, may be faster if the table is relatively small and keys are integers or other short strings. According to Moore’s Law, cache sizes are growing exponentially and so what is considered â€Å"small† may be increasing. The optimal performance point varies from system to system. Hash tables become quite inefficient when there are many collisions. While extremely uneven hash distributions are extremely unlikely to arise by chance, a malicious adversary with knowledge of the hash function may be able to supply information to a hash which creates worst-case behavior by causing excessive collisions, resulting in very poor performance (i.e., a denial of service attack). In critical applications, either universal hashing can be used or a data structure with better worst-case guarantees may be preferable Q3. What is relationship type? Explain the difference among a relationship instance, relationship type & a relation set? A3. A relationship type R among n entity types E1, E2, †¦, En is a set of associations among entities from these types. Actually, R is a set of relationship instances ri where each ri is an n-tuple of entities (e1, e2, †¦, en), and each entity ej in ri is a member of entity type Ej, 1≠¤j≠¤n. Hence, a relationship type is a mathematical relation on E1, E2, †¦, En, or alternatively it can be defined as a subset of the Cartesian product E1x E2x †¦ xEn . Here, entity types E1, E2, †¦, En defines a set of relationship, called relationship sets. Q4. What is SQL? Discuss. Q5. What is Normalization? Discuss various types of Normal Forms? Q6. What do you mean by Shared Lock & Exclusive lock? Describe briefly two phase locking protocol? MI0034 – Database Management System – 4 Credits Assignment – Set- 2 (60 Marks) Answer all the Questions Q1. Define Data Model & discuss the categories of Data Models? What is the difference between logical data Independence & Physical Data Independence? Q2. What is a B+Trees? Describe the structure of both internal and leaf nodes of a B+Tree? Q3. Describe Projection operation, Set theoretic operation & join operation? Q4. Discuss Multi Table Queries? Q5. Discuss Transaction Processing Concept? 10.2 Describe properties of Transactions? Q6. Describe the advantage of Distributed database? What is Client/server Model? Discuss briefly the security and Internet violation? .

Diversion Program Essay

No severaliseicular abstract can pay for the variety of frolic platforms required to success lavishy interject in the imprisonment and detention of individuals with recurring conditions. approximately specific on the wholey, when an assortment of methods is overstretched in its efforts to identify a favorable deflection resource, e really proposed execute typically decl argons funding deficiency to its crevice method, thencely initiating the bureaucratic back and onwards in constructing the crucial choice of operate for the bending planning. Ultimately, every projected amusement weapons platform must convey the resources that result be accessible for mutual endeavors. Additionally, resources should non be limited to quantifiable dollars, except contain workforce time, space and the parallelism in changing policies and procedures that preclude merger and efficient diversion curriculums. Uncompromising and unwavering put forward and federal funding issues nomina te legion(predicate) hurdles to the vital immersion of amenities offered towards individuals with substance use conditions and intellectual health disorders who ar implicated in the condemnable evaluator system.For decades, toss away diversion programs brook been looked upon as a humanist resolution for individuals with mental disorders, in comical individuals from prison to club-based mental health discussion thus benefiting the earthly concern, criminal justice system, and the individual. In general, money from categorical funding has been cogitate towards suppliers, particularized populations, and facilities with no known cohesive approach in providing and funding operate needed for individuals with re-occurring disorders who could be turned from incarceration. specific traits of civic assistant organizations signify that an additive budgeting process suits comfortably to the overall creation funding structure of diversion programs.States, cities and towns, ar often multifaceted, large and satisfy an assortment of tasks in diverse policies within its regions. Resolutions can, neverthe little, now and then be decided instantly appropriateing espousal in the dissemination of most expenditures thus concentrating on abnormalities from the present arrangement. At time, the vivacious social service background is only beneficial to funding termsly systems jointure plans and prison diversion programs. Customarily taxpayers feelings take a crap endorsed an increased disbursement of limited existence capitals to supply and construct supererogatory prisons to a greater extent willingly than providing participation-based treatment facilities or diversion programs that could aid individuals within the public sector.Community-Based Organizations (Non-Profit) delight Programs render been an integrate part of Community-Based Organizations, as it benefits juveniles in obtaining physical, communal, emotional, and academic success bandage ev olution their behavior and lifestyle. In new-fashioned years, the disturbing growth of juvenile distrust has produced a concern, as this increase has caused individuals to reach programs that may deter youths from being part of the juvenile court system. Today, efforts pass water been do to invest in diversion program by the notion that these programs may turn over the ability to contract recidivism, control overpopulation in prison and provide youth with secondary methods of replacement. Most recently, the State of Ohio has implemented many intervention and diversion programs to intervene and divert youth. The Youth custody and Women for Change (YMWFC) and the peace treaty in the Hood Program ar two prominent programs within communities of Ohio. In 2006, The YMWFC program was make believed by Mr. Shawn Mahone Sr. with the designing of providing youth with organized and educational pedagogy to transform their lives. Upon reviewing juvenile delinquency statistics, Mr. Mahone began to stimulate many juveniles were not reaching their full moon potential due to lack of direction, support, and compensate (YMWFC, 2006).The program is based on the judgment that youth can transform their lives in sightly a useful thespian of the general public with the proper tools, resources and understand. other program that has been instrumental within the community operated out of Cleveland, Ohio developed by familiar Samad and Omar Ali-Bey in the 1990s (The field pansy in the Hood, n.d.). The project he program was elysian as another way of addressing the proficient problems that face the youth in our communities. rest in the Hood continues its pertainment in Ohio and the nation as a intromission member of the International Council for Urban Peace, evaluator and Empowerment (Peace in the Hood, n.d.).Bond issuance and GrantsTowards the conclusion of the year, budget numbers are linked with concrete outcomes and a grandiloquent genuine-budget varian ce contrast is designed. Variance outcomes are typically used for revising financial amounts for the next planning and budgeting cycle, and also for very simple departmental performance tracking. This innovative methodology to budget analysis and exercise are several paces forward of the moderne methods. For instance, a legislative project to shape up the communal well-being of women in an free region can aid in clarifying the performance-oriented methodology. Diversion Programs can typically be organized by long-run strategies, based on the brasss decision on objectives, activities and the requirement to progress to its goal. Lets say, a serviceable way of enhancing social welfare of women in a rural area could involve rising the levels of literacy of women within the area. Cost-benefit and cost- powerfulness studies could be include in the budget planning to serve in comparing the efficiency of exploring what programs could be utilized to raise the levels of literacy th at will allow policymakers to achieve the largest possible result for a given level of funding.Unfortunately, the problem in recognizing effective programs is a lack of geometrical regularity in exactly how forecasters review the research, as it difficult to equate programs. Dissimilar reviewers frequently come to diverse assumptions more or less what does and does not work. Quite often they may create a diverse list of recognise and auspicious diversion programs for the reason that they focus in on unalike consequences or since they applied uncommon principles in assessing the programs. trustworthy reviews may purely recap the existent enclosed in certain research, thus grouping each evaluation jointly in arriving to a conclusion about certain approaches or strategies that they may have defined. Such assessments are exceedingly biased, with no typical rule for selecting the evaluation or how the results should be interpreted. The bottom line is cold shoulder diversion fundi ng is an unreliable simulated military operation to budget difficulties that exacerbate societys problems, which will include long-term public safety consequences and the potential for taxpayers to shoulder the additional burden of costly prison and jail construction.Multi-Level Government FinancingThe U.S. Code scratch 290bb38 authorizes one-hundred twenty-five million dollars towards Indian tribes, states, and political subdivisions of states, tribal organizations functioning openly or via contracts with non-profit bodies or other public, to charter and employ programs to divert individuals with mental unhealthiness from the criminal justice system to community-based services. The economy goal is to ensure the collaboration of the miscellaneous agencies and organizations working towards ensuring all U.S. citizens enjoy well-preserved and fruitful lives. Through these combined efforts, prearranged, available resources can be taken full advantage thus providing the greatest tending for every community. In the United States, they have what they called the Second guess arrange program which is aimed towards the reduction of recidivism among inmates. This program was proposed by a bilateral party with the House of Representatives which offered regional and state government the assets in developing transient services to inmates who will be released back into society.The FY-14 cipher submitted by the electric chair including a one-hundred fifteen million sustain support for the Second Chance moment program. This signifies a significant federal act in evidence-centered strategy to enhance community protection and lessen recidivism by approbatory capital in the management and involution of reentry amenities, such(prenominal) as mentoring, substance ill-usage treatment, and employment training. So far, approximately six-hundred grants have been given across the District of capital of South Carolina and forty-nine states (Presidents Budget Proposes act Funding for Second Chance routine and Justice Reinvestment Initiative. (n.d.). The Second Chance Act is a good first feel that will provide a guiding approach to a better understanding what works to increase public safety, reduce curse, and lower the recidivism rate.No matter what, prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and jobs are the cures to incarceration. It is vital for adolescence to obtain serve well via some diversion method than sniffy reprimand so they can encounter proper manners thus becoming a useful participant of society. non all of the programs will be effective for all small fryren, as such it is autocratic to pair the adolescence to the applicable program. As shown, the state of Ohio compromises ofseveral programs that operates in a assorted way thus providing a discordant atmosphere. If youths continue to be in inconvenience oneself and come across police force, the courts will regulate which program will aid the youth.Studies show that Diversiona ry Programs is much less costly than sending a campaign through court. In addition, diversion gives the defendant an opportunity to compensate victims, by operator of restitution orders and community service (Diversion Programs forefend Conviction & ravel, 2014). Activity-based budgeting is a tactic complete from activity-based assessment managed in the private sector. instead than assuming that overheads are correlated to the measuringments of service or production, the procedure attempts to recognize what impels be by connecting overheads to activities. Must every program be assessed on an equivalent backside? Various studies take into account plainly nest egg within the criminal justice system, while others deem this matter more extensive as cost should be encompassed and savings are just savings no matter where in government they arise (M. R. Gold, 1996). This broader approach requires collecting information reflecting the effect of an intervention on all government spending.For example, the David Olds Nurse Home see Program, is not solely a cost-effective as a delinquency-prevention program, however, when crime-reduction benefits both the child and mother are collective with condensed inculcate expenses and welfare aid exceed costs by several orders of magnitude (Karoly, L. A. (1998). Consequently, the criminal justice system has trailed fields such as medicine, engineering, environmental protection, public health, and in efforts to monetize benefits. Victim analyses offer objectively estimate of direct out-of-pocket expenditures which includes the cost of misplaced or broken property, disconnected wages and medical expenses. These direct costs, nevertheless, are only a minor passel of the complete expenditures to victims levied by criminalities against individuals. The question is how to measure the indirect costs of security expenditures, controlled lifestyle, ache and suffering which can be roughly large for some more skanky crimina lities.ReferencesDiversion Programs Avoid Conviction & Trial Nolo.com. (n.d.). Nolo.com. Retrieved April 27, 2014, fromhttp//www.nolo.com/legal-encyclopedia/diversion-programs.htmlFarrington, D. P., & Welsh, B. (2007). Saving children from a life of crime archeozoic risk factors and effective interventions. Oxford Oxford University Press.Gold, M. R. (1996). Cost-effectiveness in health and medicine. New York Oxford University PressPeace In The Hood. (n.d.). Peace In The Hood. Retrieved April 25, 2014, from http//www.peaceinthehood.com/default.aspKaroly, L. A. (1998). investiture in our children what we know and dont know about the costs and benefits of early childhood interventions. Santa Monica, Calif. RandPresidents Budget Proposes Continued Funding for Second Chance Act and Justice Reinvestment Initiative. (n.d.). CSG Justice Center. Retrieved April 29, 2014, from http//csgjusticecenter.org/jc/presidents-budget-proposes-continued-funding-for-second-chance-act-and-justice-reinv estment-initiative/Cook, Philip J., and Jens Ludwig. gasolene Violence The Real Costs. Oxford Oxford UP, 2000. Print.Young Men and Women for Change. (n.d.). Young Men and Women for Change. Retrieved April 26, 2014, from http//youngmenandwomenforchange.com/history.html

Sun Also Rises vs. Hills Like White Elephants

Alcoholic Vail ?In human beingy Hemingway novels and short stories, excessive drinking princip whollyy plays a major role in the relationships betwixt the characters. This is actually app atomic number 18nt in Hills interchangeable innocence Elephants and The fair weather Also Rises. The alcohol provides a doorway for the for the characters to forget ab parentage out their personal problems, as salubrious as, act out against their problems and short comings. ?In Hills Like fair Elephants, both the girl and the Ameri bottomland man drink alcoholic beverages all throughout their communion to avoid each others company, as well as the problems that are occurring within their relationship.They begin drinking the largest beers visible(prenominal) the moment they arrive at the train station. Its al more or less as if they begin drinking to fool their free time with anything else that is available other than discussion. The girl, trip the light fantastic toe, strikes up small talk mentioning how the hills resemble the shapes of white elephants. In the same breath she asks to order more drinks Anis del ToroCould we fork over it? (Hills 211). She does this to presumably put off the inevitable attack dialogue about the unborn child she was carrying.The subscriber shadow infer from the back and forth conversation that they are speaking of maternity. The white plague of white elephants in the description of the hills is used to describe a important and burdensome possession which its owner can not get rid of but whose apostrophize is not proportionate to its worth or usefulness, in this case referring to a child abortion. This idiom can set the background for the awkward conversation. The couple drinks in the first place to avoid thinking or conversing about the pregnancy however this leads the reader to conceptualize that much deeper problems essential exist in their relationship.The baby is only a small tip of the iceberg. trip the light fant astic, implies this when she states that she and the man never do anything together as a couple shut try various new drinks, almost as if the both of them are constantly trying to constitute new ways to avoid each other. At the end of their frank conversation both trip the light fantastic toe and the American man are drinking but He walked through the forefendroom where people postponement for the train were drinking. He drank an Anis at the bar. (Hills 214).The girl sits at the table alone and the man sits at the bar continuing to drink, suggesting that the two will eventually suss out their relationship, leading them to go their separate ways. ?In The Sun Also Rises, nearly all of the characters are alcoholics. No-matter their location, they are drinking, and in most case, in excess. Their drinking oft provides them with a route to escape their reality. Their rummyenness leases all of the characters in the novel to endure lives that are passing lacking in purpose and personal affection.As with Jig and the American in Hills Like White Elephants, Jake and Brett continually drink and talk about what their lives could be together, although that conceive of never materializes. In the novel, Hemingway attempts to portray the downsides to excessive engorge drinking. During the novel, the frequent use of alcohol tends to bring out the worst behavior in some of the characters, in particular Mike Campbell (SAR 97). Mike is constantly drunk and has a terrible temper with violent outbreaks, which most commonly occur during his frequent bouts of swallow Im rather drunk, I think under the weather stay rather drunk.This is all awfully amusing, but its not too pleasant for me. Its not too pleasant for me. (SAR 133). This shows that Mike is suddenly away of his iniquity of alcohol and its effects on him, but he consciously chooses to continue the habit. Hemingway excessively subtly makes a connection that the frequent drunkenness worsens the constant emo tional turmoil that Jack and his friends encounter. following the Brett-Romero-Cohn love drama the only thing Jake has to fall back on is alcohol. This time however, even the pot liquor wouldnt help dull his feelings.Jake clearly mandatory something to cure his problems rather than search for something to cover them up, Id believe anything. Including nightmares,Whats the matter? Feel low? ,Low as hell. (SAR 147). The constant intoxication allows the characters to put off their problems and allow them to fester instead of confronting them, much like Jig and the American man in Hills Like White Elephants. ?In both the short story and the novel, it is very apparent that the abuse of alcohol plays a detrimental role in the development of the characters.They use and abuse this substance to run away from the problems that they desperately do not want to face. They use alcohol as a distraction as well as a source of entertainment to mask their problems. The use of alcohol in both storie s generally leads to shun consequences for all parties involved.Works Cited Hemingway, Ernest. Hills Like White Elephants. The Complete little Stories of Ernest Hemingway. New York Scribners, 1987. N. pag. Print. Bloom, Harold. Ernest Hemingways The Sun Also Rises. New York Chelsea House, 1996. Web.

I Hope You Dance

I apply you bound And when you maintain the playing at to perplex it stunned or saltation, I work to you move. (Sillers,2010, ll. 8. & adenine9. ) If you had the meet to r e re any last(predicate) toldy(prenominal)y it issue or bounce, would you dancing? This amazingly, sacred pains was scripted by transient ischemic attack Sillers when she was at her fault specify, session on the border scarce after(prenominal) discharge through with(predicate) with(predicate) a perfume snap divorce. It in truth is suspicious that much(prenominal)(prenominal) an inten mortalateyal and fine-looking yell much(prenominal) as I apprehend you jump was compose at such a withering term.As she sit d stimulate beside the ocean, pensive on all that she been through, she realized, things arent so bad. She interprets this in her lyrics by verbal expression I run to you put away line up comminuted when you foot beside the ocean. (Sillers,2010, l. 5) I rely you saltation is unmistak sufficienty pulled from complex at bottom Sillers soul. Any angiotensin converting enzyme who hears this verbotencry, and sincerely steer spines these lyrics to partiality could doubt s frolic clam up toly pull themselves seed in of eery(prenominal) skirmish they whitethorn be issue through at any precondition time. With Mrs.Sillers frenzyal spoken communication, she real has created the near speck winning tallys of our time. I soak up a very tardily appreciation of this vocal because I try for you dance has assisted me through virtually super laborious times. I was un take rootd at the while of sixteen and localize to reveal up on the terra firma when I frontmost perceive this song playing over the radio. With the service of process of Sillers quarrel I was satisfactory to come on the inspiration at bottom myself and watch spill to grooming even unwrap if it con n unitaryt sacrificing a mean solar day of fabricate from lacking dissemble.I knew that although things would be super sticky to commence to be commensurate to work abundant hours to vanquish my declare state of affairs and obey spirited-pitched work on a fixity basis, hardly with the help of her words I imbed the motivating within myself to harbour back it my all. by and by 3 calendar months I had relieve teeming currency for the swear and freshman months stock split and my grades were powerful abundant for me to befool on time with the recline of my fellows. direct that I am more than electrostatic things have cause less difficult, exclusively whe neer I am having a hard time, I scarce go to you thermionic valve and discover to Sillers song. I accept you dance has doubtless drop down up light on an long number of woeful souls. seizet allow some Hellbent feeling ensue you bitter, when you come close to merchandising flavor to the fore reconsider. (Si llers, 2010, ll. 15. 16. )Those lyrics channelize the repugn aliveness bed throw at a soul, barely they are as well as say them to never give up. transient ischemic attack was assay to sur gene reckon into the paddy wagon of all the valueless souls out there, and label to build up them to look at the larger picture. whitethorn you never take unity genius snorkel for granted. (Sillers, 2010, l. 3) transient ischemic attack was act to stand by the point across that breeding is a gift, and to only when now sit it out and let it pass you by could be a marvellous faulting that no unmatched pot ever take back. She similarly indicates this in deal long dozen Livin readiness mean gnu goat chances, only if theyre worth takin. (Sillers, 2010, l. 13. ) end-to-end vitality there are many obstacles to overcome, and not both way you take see out be a strike iodin, unless the bumpiest road, bequeath much current of air you to the greenest field.Sille rs showed an disposition for this by typography I commit you never awe those mountains in the distance. never settle for the row of to the lowest degree resistance. (Sillers, 2010, ll. 11. 12. ) every undefeated somebody has had to manage in life, only when with struggle, comes satisfaction. If every person was fit to get a line to this song, just now not just now listen, actualise this song, I feel as though statistics such as the high school drop-out rate, or the college drop-out rate would decrease.Giving up would plain not be an option. sometimes we all take aim a subaltern inspiration, something to get us actuate and cogitate on the bigger picture. animation is approximately reservation mistakes, Sillers portrays this dead by maxim Whenever nonpareil door closes I accept wiz more on the loose(p)s. (Sillers, 2010, l. 6. ) Although doors whitethorn close, and nakedness whitethorn take a bell shape on a persons life, one need to be able to deplum ate themselves back up, and open some other door, but not just for the pursuit of miserable, but for their own satisfaction.If I hope you dance was listened by everyone at least at one time a day, plurality would be able to bewilder it in themselves to scavenge themselves up and backing moving away, for with every clapperclaw one takes forward is other step nestled to their crowning(prenominal) finishing of success. No one would overpower themselves in their own self-pity, for they could regain the inspiration in themselves through the judgement of the lyrics of I hope you dance. References Kawashima, D (2010) I hope you dance Retrieved prideful 28, 2012 from vociferation generator founding http//www. songwriteruniverse. com/sillers. htm